ا

Lallai ba kowa bane mai wannan manya manyan kakanni da ya zarce imam musa alkazim(as)  ibn jafar sadik ibn muhammadu albakir ibn  ali zainul abidin ibn sayyidul shuhada’u husaini ibn ali ibn abi dalib(as)

Mahaifiayarsa: hamida barbariyya diyar sa’id anemata lakabi da (musaffatu)  an rawaito cewa asalinta daga kasar andalus ne ana kuma kiranta da( lu’lu’atu)  baiwa mai daraja wadda imam bakir ya sayeta ya kuma yi kyuata ga `dansa imam sadik(as)  sai ya zamanto ta haifi imam musa alkazim(as)

Ya zo cikin riwaya  cewa imam jafar sadik(as) ya yi mata lakabi da musaffa (tsaftatacciya) daga dukkanin datti da kazanta kamar misalin kerarren zinare, mala’iku basu gushe suna kula da ita ba har sai da ta sauke wata karama daga Allah zuwa gareni da kuma wanda zai zama hujja bayana, hakika imam sadik(as) ya himmatu cikin tarbiyarta da koyar da ita har sai da ta wayi gari matsayin malama mai fuskantar fikihu babbar mace wadda mata ke komawa gareta cikin sanin hukunce-hukuncen da ya kebancesu haka cikin sanin akida da ilimin addini da akhlak da ladubba.

An haifi imam musa alkazim(as)  cikin garin abwa’u wanda wata alkaryace daga jikin garin madina wadda tsakanin da juhfa ya kai nisan mile 23 kamar yadda ya zo a cikin littafin mu’ujamul buldanu juz 1 sh 79.

Haihuwarsa mai cike da albarku ta kasance ranar lahadi bakwai ga watan safar hijira na da shekara 128 bisa dogaro da mafi ingancin riwayoyi.

Ya zo cikin littafin a’ayanu wafayat juz 5 sh 310  da cewa haihuwarsa ta kasance ranar talata gabanin hudowar rana hijra nada shaekara 129.

Anai masa alkunya da abu Ibrahim da abu hassan da kuma abu ali a wani kaulin kuma sunce abu isma’il da abu hassan madi da abu hassan auwal.

Lakubbansa suna da yawan  gaske wadanda dukkaninsu suna bada labarin irin girmansa da falalarsa da siffofinsa masu karamci daga cikinsu: bawan Allah nagari, amintacce, malami, mai hakuri, mai cika alkawari, waliyyin cikin banu hashim, mai ceton talakawa, mafi kyautar larabawa, mafi ibada cikin wanda yayi zamani tareda su, mafi fahimtar nauyaya biyu, mai ciyar da talakawa, adon mujtahidai, abokin littafin Allah, ma’abocin tsawaita sujjada, tsarkakakkiyar zuciya da dai makamantansu amma mafi shahara cikin lakubbansa shine alkazim ma’ana mai danne fushi.  

 Ibn shaharu ashub yace: an kiraye shi da lakabin alkazim sakamakon danne fushinsa da kau da kai daga abinda azzalumai suka aikata masa cikin hakkinsa har sai da yakai ga sun halaka rayuwarsa cikin tsare shi da sukai a gidan ban kashi gidan yari. Ubangiji ya gwabunta ladanmu da naku da tunawa da ranar shahadar kofar biyan bukatu imam musa alkazim(as).

Lalle imam musa alkazim ibn jafar(as) ya kasance tauraro mai haskaka da huda imami na bakwai daga cikin jerin imamai tsarki daga ahlul baiti  tsatson muhammadu almustafa daga halifofi goma shabiyu tsarkaka bayan manzon Allah(s.a.w)

Imamin zamaninsa daitakun lokacinsa da ya dayanta haske na bakwai daga fitilun sakon manzon Allah(s.a.w) tsaton annabta imamin musulmai shugaban malamai  da daliban zamaninsa bayan maihaifinsa jafar sadik(as) ba tareda jayayya ba.

Lalle shi imam musa alkazim(as) bai bukatar bayanin kowaye shi, lalle sunan Allah mafi girmama yayi tajalli cikinsa da karamci kai kace rana mai huda cikin tsakiyarta, lallai ya gaji girma da girmama daga kakanninsa  har sai da girmansa ya tuke ga sarkin muminai ali ibn abi dalib(as) jagoran masu hasken goshi zakin Allah  gagari kayi, da kakarsa Fatima zahara(as) shugaban matan dukkanin duniya ma`ajiyar haskaye mafi girman isma.

 

Ibn asiru jazari cikin littafinsa (alkamil fil tarikh juz 6 sh 164) yana cewa: lallai anai masa lakabi da alkazim saboda ya kasance yana kyautatawa wanda ya munana masa lallai yin hakan ya kasance al’adarsa. Har karshen rayuwarsa.

Tsawon rayuwarsa: ya koma ga karamar Allah da makobtakarsa cikin inuwar al’arshinsa yayinda ya kammala shekaru hamsin da biyar. Ishirin daga ciki ya yi su tareda babansa imam sadik(as) ragowar talatin da biyar kuma bayan wafatin mahaifinsa wadda shine tsawon imamancinsa(as) wasu kuma sunce yayi wafati yanada shekaru hamsin da hudu.

Wafatinsa da shadarsa: lallai imam alkazim(as) ya kasance yayi shahada ta hanya shan guba da makiya suka bashi a gidan yarin sanadi shahik  a garin bagdaza a shekara ta 183 da hijra.

Lallai shadarsa ta kasance a karshen kwanakin watan rajab hijra nada shekarar 183 wasu kuma sunce 186. Kabarinsa yana bagdaza kazimiyya mai tsarki gefen karakh, garin ya samu suna albarkacinsa(as) har Abadan abidin ya zuwa ranar kiyama.

Dan takaitaccen Karin haske kan zamanin imam alkazim(as)

Hakika imamai shabiyu (as) daga zuriyar manzon Allah(s.a.w) dukkaninsu daga haske guda daya suka fito hakikar muhammadiya tana tajalli cikinsu waton kasantuwarsa rahama ga dukkanin talikai, lallai su sun kasance dayantar hadafi da manufa sai dai kowannensu yanada rawar da ya taka mafi girman hadafinsu da manufarsu shine kare muslunci da tsare shi har ya kai lokacin da zai cika duniya da adalci da daidaito bayan ta cika da zalunci da danniya, duk da banbancin rawar da kowannensu ya taka  cikin isar da sakon Allah da kareshi daga abinda ya kewayu daga yanayin zamani da bukatunsa da yadda yake kasancewa da hukuntawa.

Sai dai ita rayuwar imam alkazim(as) da halayensa da sulukinsa masu albarka daga baki dayan sasanni da fagage, lalle rayuwarsa ta fifita da banbanta da dakiya cikin tsayawa kan gaskiya  da kafewa da kuma tsayawa kyam a gaban matsaloli masu ban tsoro  a wannan zamani nasa ta hanyar yakarsu  da kuma bayyanan suluki da karkacewa bata tasiri cikinsa ko cunawa da tsoratarwa lallai imam(as) ya siffantu da daidaituwa, hakika zamanin imam sadik da imam alkazim(as) zamani ne da ya cika da afkuwar al’amurra masu ban tsoro da mamaki sakamakon kasantuwarsa zamani da siyasar sarakuna ke tashenta  kai musamman ma juyin juya hali mai dauke da makamai  wanda mafi bayyana da shahararsa shine juyin juya halin shahidi zaidu ibn ali(as) da juyin juya halin hashimawa wadda yayi sanadiyar faduwar daular umayyawa mayaudara, lallai al’ummar musulmi sun yunkura cikin hamasa zuwa ga kawar daular umayyawa makiya ahlul baiti(as)  wadanda daularsu ta kafu kan kaskantar da al’ummar musulmi da zaluntarsu da kwace hakkokinsu da karamcinsu  da danne musu mafi kankantar hakki daga hakkokin shari’a da zamantakewa  da abubuwan da rayuwa ta doru kansu wannan juyin juya hali na hashimawa ya yunkuro da taken yarda na ga iyalan manzon Allah(s.a.w) lallai wannan juyin juya halin ya samu karbuwa daga jama’a  daga kowanne jigawa da kurmi jama’a sun yunkura da hamasa domin karamcinsu da kuma kubuta daga zalunci da danniyar umayyawa bisa imaninsu da cewa iyalan manzon Allah(s.a.w) sune tushe na farko domin samun madaukakin hadafi da kowa ke nema da fafutika  domin aikata adalci da dabbaka shi da zartar da shi cikin zamantakewa  da kuma karfafa yanci da yaduwarsa da daidaito da bada hakkoki.

Babu wani mutum da yayi zaton cewa wannan juyin juya hali na kunshe da yaudara da kawo banul abbas kan karagar mulki bayan kawar da banu umayya domin su banu abbas ma ai tuntuni ambatonsu ya dadishe basu da wani shaida abar nunawa ko wani aiki da sukayi tukuru da zai zama abin misali ga hidimtawa muslunci da musulmai..

Daga baya sai wannan yunkuri na juyin juya hali ya karkace ya juya  daga hanyar da yake kai da aka tsara masa daga garin abwa’i lokacin da akayiwa muhammadu ibn Abdullah zul nafsul zakiyya  mubaya’a ga halifanci ya karkata ga yiwa banul abbas mubaya’a  da dora kan karagar mulki da jagorancin abu muslim kurasani bisa wani shiri da tsarawa da ittifaki na boye da sukayi a bayan labule da akayi cikin duhun dare wanda ya kafa turakun mulkin abbasiyawa da sojojin kurasan da bagadaza da damashak.

Mulkin banul abbas bai kafu ba face kan tafkunan jinane da tulin gawarwaki da suka kashe wadanda cikinsu akwai wanda basu da laifin komai basu ji basu gani ba. Daga kananan yara da marasa lafiya da tsofaffi.

Kamar yadda ayyuka na bushewar zuciya da Mansur abbasi aldawaniki ya gudanar wanda ya sunnanta su kan `ya`yan baffansa alawiyyawa wadda ta tafi ta bar gurbi mai zurfi da radadi cikin zukatan imamai biyu sadik da alkazim(as) bayan Mansur dawaniki ya azabtar da `ya`yan baffanensa hassan da husaini(as) da mafi muni da tsananin azaba, daga cikin guraben da sakamako da wannan  hari da waki’ar suka haifar shine mikewar mulkin danniya da rashin tausayi da kisan daruruwan alawiyyawa cikin waki’ar (fakku) da ta afku kusa da garin makka mai karamci.

Imam alkazim(as) da kankin kansa ya ga dukkanin wadannan musibu da kashe-kashe  masu tsananin daci ya kuma dayantu da dauriya da hadiye fushi da yin hakuri da daukar wahalhalu da musibu masu tsanani wadanda yayi gogayya da su daga dagutan zamaninsa halifofin zalunci da danniya da fajirci, hakika sun kai iyaka cikin zaluntarsa da azabtar da shi, hakika sarakunan abbasiyawa sunyi yunkurin halaka imam alkazim(as) lokuta da dama ta hanyoyi daban-daban musammam ma sarki almahadi da haruna rashidi wanda daga karshe haruna rashidi(l.) yayi gangancin halaka shi bayan ya daure shi ya wurga shi cikin gidan yari da yake cike da duhu cikin ramin rijiya bayan ya koreshi daga garin madina garin kakansa(s.a.w) ya zuwa iraki ya tsare shi a birnin basara daga nan kuma ya mayar da shi zuwa bagdaza tsawon shekaru imam(as) ya na ta fama da wahalhalu daga wannan sai waccan cikin danne hakkokinsa da zaluntarsa da tsananta masa  yanata kwankwadar bala’i da musibu sai dai cewa hakan sam bai tasiri kansa ba cikin kokawa ko yin raki daga wannan radadi mai tsanani  bari ma dai shi ya kasance ya na bayyana godiyarsa ga ubangijinsa domin tsawaon lokaci yana rokon Allah ya azurta shi da wani lokaci dai zai bauta masa da yankewa gareshi, kai hatta makiyinsa haruna abbasi(as) yayi masa shaida kuma ita falala shine abinda hatta makiyinka yayi maka shaida kansa, lallai shi yayinda aka tsareshi a gidan yarin falalu ibn rabi’I shi falalu ya bada labarin yadda imam(as) yake yawan ibada da tahajjudi da zuhudu daga duniya  da fuskantar ubangiji matsarkaki sai haruna abbasi(l.a) yace: (lallai babu shakka shi waliyyine daga cikin banu hashim) tarihin yadda ya rayu ya kasance yana mallakar zukata  lallai cike yake da daukakar ma’anoni  da tsarkaka da girma da gudun duniya da tarkacenta da sallamawa zuwa ga Allah mai girma da daukaka

Cikin gidan yarin sanadi ibn shahik da umarnin haruna rashidi(l.a) aka shayar da imam alkazim(as) guba mai kisa wadda ta halakar da rayuwarsa da shahadantar da shi yana cikin halin bautar Allah da tahajjudi amincin Allah ya tabbata gareshi da iyayensa tsarkaka zababbu mafi falalar gaisuwa da aminci garesu da mafi cikar girma da karamci da hakkin ma’abocin girma da karamci.

Makarantar imam alkazim(as):

Idan muka bijiro da wani bangare daga rayuwar imaminmu majibancin lamarinmu imam musa alkazim(as) lalle zamu sami kawukanmu gaban tarin gado mai girma mai cika da zuciya mai nutsuwa mai haskaka  da take kwarar da alheri da kyawu, tana dauke da kayauta da da fuskanta dadacacciya ga al’ummar musulmi cikin amudan zamani.

Kamar yadda imaminmu ya tsaya kyam cikin gudanar da lamurran al’umma da suke tatter da ilimin babansa sadik(as) da kakansa bakir(as)  wanda ya tsage ya keta ilimi mutanen farko dana karshe sai ya zamanto ya assasa makaranta  madawwamiya  da ta ginu kan littafin Allah da zuriyar manzon Allah(s.a.w) zababbu tsarkaka kan hankaltuwa hujjar Allah boyayya wacce ake la’akari da ita a matsayin cibiya ta farko ta wayar da kai da hankali a muslunci, itace makaranta ta farko da ta yaye taurari da gaggan malamai daga cikinsu sahabbai marawaitan hadisai daga imamai da kuma almajiransu, sannan haskenta ya mike tsawon zamanai da suka a baya  ya tuke har zamaninmu dama wanda zai zo baya zuwa bayyanar imamul hujja(a.f) lallai wannan makaranta na dauke da ruhin muslunci na hakika da shiriyarsa mai albarka madawwamiya  da dawwamar kur’ani da zamani.

Lalle shi imam(as)  da wannan makaranta tasa mai shiryarwa ya yaki matsaloli wanda zamaninsa ya haifar da su sakamkon yaduwar munanan akidu da tunani masu rusa addini kamar misalin zindikanci da gullanci da makamantansu hakika wadannan munanan abubuwa sun nufi ganin bayan muslunci da girgiza turakun da ya kafu kansu.

Hakika imam musa alkazim(as) ya bugi kirji ya kalubalance su da dukkanin bakin ikonsa da abinda yanayi ya saukaka masa da yake kewaye da shi, kamar yadda mahaifinsa ya yi abaya, ya fito da iliminsa ya bayyanar da hujjojinsa cikin munazarori da yayi tareda masu dauke da ire ieren miyagun wadancan akidu da tunani daga gullanci da zindikanci da makamantansu daga tunanunka dake ruguza addini wadanda suka cika duniyar muslunci a wancan lokaci sukai yunkurin tsinka igiyar da ta hada musulmai da dangantakarsu ta zamantakewa da kuma batar da ra’ayi gamamme cikin yawancin bangarorinsa na zamantakewa da akid, lalle imam(as) yayi gaggawa wajen farkar da musulmai da tsoratar da su hadarin wadancan akidu na bata da karkatar tunani da akida kamar yadda mahaifinsa sadik(as) yayi abaya.

Imam (as) ya kasance ya gudanar da  munazarara mai cike da balaga  tareda  yahudu da nasara, kamar yadda yayi tareda abokan bugawarsa da makiyansa  da halifofin zamaninsa, lalle imam(as) ya samu nasara cikin dukkanin munazarorin  da tsayar da hujja mai isarwa  da dalili mai huda mai ruguje dalilan makiya ya rusa da’awowinsu da bainda suk tafi kai, lallai imam(as) ya kasance ya taka bayyananniyar rawa cikin ruguje shubuhohin zindikai da masu kore samuwar Allah da shubuhohin masu bin kagaggiyar mazhaba da makalolinsu cikin fagen tauhidi da akidu na gaskiya gasgatattu. Haka ya tabbatar da gurbatar akidun masu kore samuwar Allah da munafukai da kangararru karkatattu.

Wannan Kenan ballantana sahabbansa da almajiransa, lallai su sun taka rawa cikin yada tunanin imamanci da bahasinta madaukaki, kamar misalin hisham ibn hakam  da hsham ibn salim da muminil daku da sauransu daga sahabban imamai, hakan duka cikin munazarorinsu da kafa dalilansu tareda jagororin mazhabobin muslunci  a wannan lokaci. Lamarinda ya kai ga yaduwar tunanin imamai ahlul baiti(as) da yaduwar hadisansu da falalolinsu  da hujjojinsu da hanyarsu madaidaiciya  albarkacin hujjojinsu da dalilansu masu huda da galaba wanda suka doru kan hanyar da tsarin ilimi da bahasi da yake kan maudu’i tsantsa da tunani `yantacce, da hankali dacacce da wayewa.

Lallai imam(as) ya wayi gari bayan mahaifinsa sadik(as)  ya zamnto mahaskaka ga ilimi sannan kuma samfuri da sanin Allah, ya mike cikin yada ilimai ahlul baiti(as) ta hanyar ba da darasi  da yin muhadara ta ilimi  da rawatar da hadisai daga iyayensa da kakaninsa tsarkaka  da kakansa annabin Allah(s.a.w)  cikin ilimai daban-daban kamar misalign akidu  d akhlak da fikihu da hadisi da tafsiri  da wasunsu daga ilimai da fannoni da iliman sanin addini ga daliabansa da almajiransa da sahabbansa  masu daraja.

Hakika amsa kuwa gaggan malamai masana fikihu da marawaita hadisai masu daraja sun fito daga wannan makaranta wanda adadinsu ya kai mutum (539) masana hadisi da fikihu wadanda malam shabastari cikin littafin(ahsanul tarijim li’ashabul imam musal kazim, a.s) ya kidaito mutum 532 daga cikin wadanda suka rawaici hadisai daga gareshi (as) sannan ya risker da mutum bakwai daga karshen littafin.

Hakika mutane bakwai daga sahabbansa sun fifitu da gaskiaya da rikon amana wadanda dukkanin jama’a da marawaitan hadisai sukayi ijma’I kan gaskiyarsu cikin dukkanin abinda suke rawaitowa daga imamai tsarkaka amintattu, sannan mutum goma shatakwas sun shahara daga marawaitan hadisai na imamiya sune wadanda suka shahara aka sansu da sunan ashabul ijma’i daga sahabban imamai uku nakir da sadik da alkazim(as) was kuma sunce su shatarane 19 shida daga sahabban abu jafar muhammadul bakir(as)  shida kuma daga abu Abdullah imam jafar sadik(as) shida karshe daga abu hassan imam musa alkazim(as) sune: yunus ibn abdur Rahman, safwanu ibn yahaya bayya sabri, mohd ibn abu umairu, Abdullah ibn mugira, hassan ibn mahbub sarrad, ahmad ibn mohd ibn abi nasar albazandi(ks) lalle su sun knsance daga manya manyan sikoki. Wadannan a fagen fikihu Kenan amma ragowar fagagen tunani da akidu(ilmul kalam)  da lugga da kur’ani da abinda ya kama da su lalle nan ma akwai zababbu kebantattu ciki.

An karbo daga sayyid dawus(ks) lallai ya kasance idan wasu kebantattun jama’a daga sahabban abul hassan imam musa alkazim(as) daga ahlul baiti da `yan shi’arsa sun halarci majalisinsa sannan tareda su akwai allon rubuntu da yake aljihunan hannun rigarsu take idan ya furta kalma cikin wani abu da yake sauka sai su rubuta ta daga abinda sukaji daga gareshi.

Ahmad ibn hanbal limamin mazhabar hanbaliya ya kasance yana rawaita daga imam alkazim(as) sai yace: musa ibn jafar ya zantar dani yace: baban jafar ibn Muhammad ya zantar dani yace: babana ali husaini ibn ali ya zantar dani yace: baban husaini ibn ali ya zantar dani yace: abu husaini ibn ali ya zantar dani yace: babana ali ibn abu dalib(as)ya zantar dani yace: manzon Allah(s.a.w) yace. Sannan ahmad ibn hanbal yace: da za’a karanta wannan isandi kan mahaukaci da take ya warke daga cutar hauka.

Daga cikin wadanda suka rawaita daga imam musa kazim(as) akwai kadibu albagdadi cikin tarihin bagdad, da sam’ani cikin arisala alkawwamiya, da abu salihu mu’azzinu  cikin arba’in, da sa’alabi cikin alakshfu walbayan.

Hakika sahabban imam(as) da almajiransa da shi’arsa sun taka rawa muhimmanicn gaske cikin yada ilimin muslunci  cikin dukkanin wani yanki duniya  tsakannin kebantattun a gama gari, hakika makarnatar imam kazim9as) ta yaye zababbu fitattu daga malamai manya manya da masana fikihu da akidu daga cikisu sika mai girma daraja  hishama ibn hakam hakika yak ware ya goge cikin ilimin sanin akida  da kuma cikin munazara da jidali har sai da ya shahara tsakankanin masana a wannan zamani, hakika ya rawaici da yawa yawan riwayoyi cikin akidu da tafsiri da hukunce-hukunce, sannan ya zama sannan ta hanyar munazararsa karfaffa tareda kafirai da masu kore samuwar Allah  da zindikai da munafukai da masu mazhabobi sabanin mazhabar ahlul baiti da ire irensu. Ya kasance yana fitowa daga munazararsa cikin nasara  har ta kai ga wasu daga abokan munazararsa suna sallamawa gaskiya su rungumeta su muslunta su riki mazhbar ahlul baiti(as) kamar yadda tarihin da nassoshi sukai shaida kan

haka.